2-metre distance may not be enough:Sir Riko Mahato

Droplets of saliva can travel as far as six metres even in low wind speeds of 4kmph, a new study has found, indicating that current social distancing guidelines of two metres may be insufficient to stop a Covid-19 patient from transmitting the disease.

The study, published in the Physics of Fluids journal under the American Institute of Physics, used a three-dimensional model to investigate the transport, dispersion, and evaporation of saliva particles from human cough.

The scientists found that when the wind speed is approximately zero, the saliva droplets did not travel 2 metres, which is well within the social distancing recommendations.

“Even with a slight breeze of 4 km/h, saliva travels 6 metres in five seconds. Therefore, depending on the environmental conditions, the 2 m social distance may not be sufficient, so crowed places will be affected,” said Dimitris Drikakis, co-author of the study, in an email to HT. If the wind speed is 15kmph, the droplet travelled 6 metres in 1.6 seconds.

To study how saliva moves through air, the scientists created a computational fluid dynamics simulation that examined the state of every saliva droplet moving through the air in front of a coughing person.

Their simulation considered the effects of humidity, dispersion force, interactions of molecules of saliva and air, and how the droplets change from liquid to vapour and evaporate.

“The purpose of the mathematical modelling and simulation is to take into account all the interaction mechanisms that may take place between the main bulk fluid flow and the saliva droplets, and between the saliva droplets themselves,” said Talib Dbouk, co-author of the paper.

The scientists considered an environment of 20 °C for the fluid, 50% relative humidity, 15 °C at the ground, and 34 °C for the human mouth.

The scientists agreed that more studies needed to be done to understand the behaviour of fluid droplets in indoor environments, where air conditioning significantly affects the particle movement through air.

“It is worth investigating the behaviour of saliva in indoor environments, where air conditioning systems may have significant effects on the movement of particles through the air,” Drikakis said.

Transmission of the coronavirus through speech and cough droplets, especially in public spaces and crowded environments, has been a major area of concern for policy makers and governments. Globally, research has shown that the virus spreads easily in an aerosol form, and even through speech.

As a consequence, governments across the world have increasingly mandated the usage of masks to help stop the spread of the infection.

Covid-19: The science behind India’s trajectoryThe predominantly asymptomatic course of the disease and limited number of critical cases merit more scrutiny

In the history of mankind, there have been several pandemics from the Justinian Plague in the 6th century to the Spanish Flu (HINI influenza) in 1918. The 21st century remarkably has already seen three coronavirus-related outbreaks — the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) in 2002 which claimed 800 lives, the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (Mers) in 2012 (862 deaths), and now the coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Despite advancements in medical sciences, it is impossible to predict when the next infectious disease outbreak will take place. So, we need to be on full alert.

With India surpassing China in the overall number of infections, a comparison between the two in terms of infection trajectories is interesting. Compared to the more gradual increase of infections in India since mid-March, China witnessed a steep rise in January and February, forcing the administration to impose a strict lockdown in Wuhan on January 23 — two months earlier than India — lasting for over 70 days by which time the curve was flattened and has remained, by and large, static till date. The United States (US) and Europe have shown a trajectory similar to that of China, which makes India something of an outlier.

Noticeably, India recorded nearly 45% fewer fatalities than China, although active cases remain over 60% of the total number of persons infected, as against nearly zero in China. India’s over 38% recoveries are higher than those of many nations at the same level of infection, although still lower than hotspot European nations such as Germany, Spain and Italy. Further, while the disease remained primarily confined in China to the Hubei province in general, and Wuhan in particular, India witnessed a more widespread infection with the four states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and Delhi accounting for two-thirds of India’s total cases.

Higher recovery rates are indicative of effective adaptive immunity developing against the pathogen. On the other hand, the largely inherent immunity of the Indian population might explain the comparative lower fatality/severity rates so far observed. At this point of time, the important question is whether people who clear a SARS-CoV-2 infection can ward off the virus in the future? An answer to this will have implications for creating better vaccines.

Epidemiological and nutritional factors have been discussed to explain the population-specific differential susceptibility, progression and severity/mortality of Covid-19 across the globe. Nevertheless, deciphering genetic polymorphism of the immunologically-relevant genes that influence host immunity could reveal population-specific correlates of protection and/or vulnerability to the Covid-19 challenge.

The two most important of these are those encompassing the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system and the Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor (KIR) genes, both of which have evolved in humans to maintain a robust immune challenge to invading microbes. Substantial data exists on the genetic propensity of HLA and KIR systems in autoimmune and infectious diseases including HIV/AIDS.

The highly polymorphic nature of the two genetic systems signifies their functional importance acquired during the course of evolution. They functionally regulate the body’s immune warriors, namely, the cytotoxic T-cells on one hand, and the natural killer cells on the other, both of which directly target the virus and help to eliminate it. A deep understanding of these in Covid-19 will be vital in developing effective screening tools for predicting prognosis and response to therapy, including designing individualised therapeutic strategies.

In the Indian context, scientists must find answers to two critical observations. First, the observed predominantly asymptomatic clinical course of the disease, and second, the rather limited number of severe and critical cases in India so far. All efforts must be made to discover measurable immunological biomarkers that are predictive of severe disease and favourable treatment outcomes. Despite limitations in understanding the mechanistic aspects of Covid-19 pathology, the challenge is to develop strategies for recruiting innate and adaptive arms of the immune system against the virus. A recent study found that some people who have never been infected with SARS-CoV-2 harbour T-cells that target this virus, indicating that they might have previously been infected with other coronaviruses sharing sequence similarities. Again, this is encouraging data for designing therapies.

The question is how long does it take to develop reasonably effective treatments for contagious diseases? Historically, while smallpox and polio took thousands of years to get an effective vaccine, HIV/AIDS took a mere 15 years before antiviral drug therapy was developed although an effective vaccine has still not been found. For Covid-19, the rapidity with which the world scientific community has got together, sharing knowledge and information in the singular task of defeating the novel coronavirus, is indeed unprecedented.

Currently, all eyes are on the World Health Organization-sponsored solidarity trial that tests, in addition to the standard care, four different lines of treatment regimens to save lives in the short-term. The trial involving thousands of patients worldwide from genetically disparate population groups will test the efficacy of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, lopanavir/ritonavir combination with or without interferon-beta. Analysing the population-specific influence of genetic systems could provide valuable information on possible differential response to treatment and long-term protection. Identifying HLA variants in infected people can help predict the severity of infection and determine who would eventually benefit from a vaccine.

Science alone can motivate tomorrow’s health care providers to rise to their fullest potential and deliver life-saving devices to prevent and treat this and future viral pandemics. In this context, innovative technologies to tackle global emergencies are urgent necessities

In its approach to the IBC, the government got it right

An impending suspension of India’s Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) was being widely reported till recently. For businesses pushed into default by the nationwide lockdown, such a suspension made ample sense, but speculation about a blanket suspension of all IBC insolvency admissions fuelled concern in global insolvency circles.

Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman’s announcements are thus being met with relief, though some ambiguity remains. Her IBC-related statements centred on (i) the impact of the pandemic and lockdown on businesses, and (ii) a revision of the definition of “default” under IBC to suspend the “fresh initiation” of insolvency proceedings based on coronavirus disease (Covid-19)-related defaults. The government’s intent appears to be a limited suspension of “fresh” insolvency cases, disallowing admission based on defaults related to the pandemic. This will avoid potential pitfalls of a blanket suspension, and underscores India’s commitment to credit reforms.

So as not to derail the progress of the reforms, the criteria for suspension of new admissions should not be open to interpretation, or manipulation by debtors. Since an existing default is the central criterion for insolvency admissions under IBC, and given the lockdown’s impact, the government may be contemplating suspension of insolvency admissions based on defaults occurring after the lockdown had been put in place. Such a clear and practicable delineation would keep IBC admissions in check, and yet permit admission based on pre-lockdown defaults.

The announcements also referred to the suspension being for up to one year. Such a fixed-duration waiver is reassuring. It will allow borrowers hurt by the pandemic a chance to recover, or to attempt to restructure outside the unsuitably prescriptive confines of the present IBC process. It will also ease the burden on capacity-constrained insolvency tribunals, and provide an opportunity to refine the Code or regulations to best serve the changing needs of the day.

Meeting the aspirations of Indians — two-thirds of them are below 35 years — requires sustained, and high, economic growth. This hinges crucially on the consistent, and appropriately priced, supply of credit. Since 2015, a series of inspired reform measures have transformed India’s reputation as a credit jurisdiction. Nearly every key player in the effort — the government, the Bankruptcy Law Reform Committee, the Joint Parliamentary Committee for IBC, the Insolvency & Bankruptcy Board, the National Company Law Tribunals, and very notably the Supreme Court — has come through remarkably in remaking India’s pariah credit regime of the past. We now take for granted outcomes that were unthinkable a mere three years ago, such as the IBC transfers of goliaths like Bhushan Steel and Essar Steel.

Notably, though, India’s credit regime transformation is still a victory-in-the-making. Much remains to be done to achieve better insolvency outcomes, including wider participation, and market-driven bids in the insolvency process. In this context, the nuanced approach the government appears to have chosen will bolster India’s reputation as a jurisdiction that takes creditor and investor rights seriously. It will also reinforce the high ground Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government has gained through its resolute and intelligent reforms.

There are four reasons why the calibrated suspension of IBC, rather than a blanket, across-the-board suspension, is positive.

First, a blanket suspension would have thwarted the battle for better insolvency outcomes. With the new law and courts in place, decades-worth of jurisprudence has been created over the past three years. The system is only now evolving to restructure companies with the participation of new management teams, turnaround experts and capital providers. Distressed investors’ are also trying to help modulate inflexible resolution practices, and adapting to idiosyncrasies of historical banking regulation. A blanket suspension would have dealt a blow to the new insolvency regime readying for take-off.

Second, maintaining a reasonable flow of new cases based on pre-Covid-19 defaults will avoid destabilising a nascent insolvency ecosystem, which incorporates law, finance and business . If new IBC activity were to stall, investors, lawyers, restructuring advisers, etc., who have chosen to specialise in insolvency may redirect their efforts, leaving system capacity dissipated.

Third, a blanket suspension would have re-energised errant borrowers. To equate such defaulters with hitherto performing borrowers pushed into default by the pandemic is inimical to logic. Enabling insolvency transfers from such borrowers has taken great resolve and responsiveness, as evidenced by Section 29A bid eligibility restrictions which prioritise system-wide, long-term benefits while sacrificing higher immediate recoveries.

Finally, for investors, the limited suspension underscores the political will, vision, and grit that brought IBC to life, rather than invoking fears of the credit regime that IBC’s enactment banished. A blanket suspension of such a landmark law would have been a hark back to the whimsy-cum-grand larceny that defined Indian credit for decades. Investors are paid to worry, and would have found therein reason to doubt India’s commitment to creditor rights, property rights and the rule of law just as they are finding a surfeit of distressed opportunities elsewhere.

In this time of economic distress, the answer lies not in brushing IBC aside, but in actively encouraging its application, development and evolution. Just as the world may be shifting towards government-led solutions in the post-Covid-19 era, it may help India to find faith in market-led solutions to gain a march on other jurisdictions, and create superior insolvency outcomes.

Ensuring a steady supply of credit at appropriate interest rates is a pre-requisite for India’s continued economic growth and the prosperity of the next generation. In keeping its faith in IBC with only a limited suspension, the Indian government appears to have chosen wisely in letting a winner ru

Build back, with an eye on the environment

The first peer-reviewed analysis of the coronavirus pandemic’s impact on global carbon emissions has reported that daily emissions of the greenhouse gas plunged 17% by early April compared to 2019 levels. However, the annual decline is likely to be only about 7%, if some restrictions to halt the spread of the coronavirus remain in place. If they are lifted in mid-June, the fall for the year is likely to be 4%. That would still be the biggest annual drop in emissions since World War II. While the steep drop is good news, it will make little dent in the larger battle against global warming. A UN Environment Programme report last year found that emissions must fall by 7.6% every year this decade to meet the Paris Agreement’s goal of checking warming at 1.5°C.

In an interview to The Guardian, one of the scientists involved in the new study said that experience of the crisis has shown that changes in behaviour by individuals — such as not flying, working from home and driving less — can help cut emissions partly. But the bulk of emission sources remain intact, which suggests that the world needs structural changes in the economy and industry. That’s why the coronavirus-induced slowdown must be used as a moment to build more sustainable, resilient and inclusive economies. Otherwise, the climate crisis will not just have its own set of effects but also lead to more health scares, environmental degradation, natural disasters, and inequality, with vulnerable communities most affected. Every crisis now has a strong environment dimension. Use the dip in emissions to imagine a new, more eco-friendly, world.

PM Modi can learn from CM ModiIn 2001, Gujarat was hit by a devastating disaster. Its economic reconstruction is worth emulating

Riko Mahato

Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi, in his address to the nation on May 12, said that ~20 lakh crore for 2020 will be the size of India’s coronavirus disease (Covid-19) economic recovery package. It was evident that he liked how the 20s rhymed neatly. Finance minister (FM) Nirmala Sitharaman, in a daily show over the next five days, attempted to provide the details of this package. By the end of the fifth day, it was clear that the FM realised there was a huge trust deficit in the package and mounted a pugilistic public defence, in the style of her previous avatar as a party spokesperson in a cacophonous television debate.

It also sparked an analysis frenzy on the gap between the PM’s “20s” and the FM’s numbers. Was the true fiscal size of the package, ~1 lakh crore or ~1.68 lakh crore or ~86,000 crore? Is this fiscal or monetary, an expenditure or liquidity, a demand-side or supply-side measure? This was the debate among economists, analysts, commentators and even political news anchors.

The PM’s farcical ~20 lakh crore for 2020 claim became the focal point for all discussions on what was supposed to be a serious recovery plan to help the nation bounce back from arguably the greatest economic devastation in independent India. Millions of migrants walking home, shuttered businesses and jobless Indians do not care two hoots if the package were ~20 lakh or ~2 lakh crores, as long as they get assistance immediately to survive. Alas, India’s Covid-19 economic recovery plan has descended into a struggle for media headlines more than helping a struggling economy. But, India’s political leaders and government administrators have a successful history of the reconstruction of the economy and society after a natural disaster. One example that will resonate best today is the story of Gujarat’s reconstruction after the devastating 2001 earthquake.

As the nation was celebrating its 51st Republic Day in 2001, Gujarat was hit by its worst-ever natural disaster — a 6.9 earthquake on the Richter scale. Around 20,000 people died, and 200,000 injured. A million homes, 12,000 schools, 1,200 clinics and 5,000 small businesses were destroyed. The economic impact was 3% of Gujarat’s GDP, even though the epicentre was not a major contributor to Gujarat’s economy. The Gujarat Disaster Management Authority was set up and tasked with rebuilding lives and livelihoods. An amount equivalent to 6.5% of Gujarat’s GDP and one-fifth of overall budget expenditure was immediately allocated for relief and rehabilitation. This was over the budgeted expenditure, for which money was borrowed. Gujarat’s fiscal deficit went from a budgeted 5.1% to 7.5% in FY 2001 and from 5.8% to 9.1% in FY 2002. (source: ADB) Food supplies, medical relief and cash compensation were paid immediately to the affected people. Livelihoods were restored through reconstruction activities which provided a stimulus to other sectors in the economy. This is what economists term as deficit spending in the wake of a crisis. In two years, Gujarat’s economy was back on track. No one knows this better than the then chief minister of Gujarat, who is now the prime minister.

Yet, it is befuddling that Modi is being diffident about deficit spending to cushion the economic shock of the Covid-19 pandemic. Perhaps, the PM fears a potential downgrade of India’s sovereign ratings by international rating agencies if the fiscal deficit is allowed to balloon like it did in Gujarat. When the rating agency Moody’s upgraded India’s ratings in November 2017, the Modi government read it as an endorsement to pursue fiscal prudence. In which case, it is important to remind the PM that the fiscal deficit is measured as a percentage of GDP, and GDP could decline precipitously if bold and appropriate measures are not taken now. So, if GDP declines much more than it should, then the fiscal deficit is going to look bad anyway, even if the government does not indulge in additional spending.

The need of the hour is to put a large chunk of money directly into the hands of the vulnerable. There is consensus among Indian industry too, some voiced publicly and most privately, that it is in their own interests to revive demand by putting money into people’s hands. It is reasonable if the government’s position is that since it is just the beginning of the financial year and the crisis still has a long way to go, one can calibrate the need for deficit spending as the situation evolves. Regardless, the timidity of the government’s response to today’s needs of the suffering millions is inexplicable and unjustifiable.

India’s Covid-19 lockdown is the harshest and the longest among all countries in the world. It is then only logical that the adverse economic impact would also be the most severe in India.

Just as we have now realised that Indian genes or soil cannot escape the laws of science and prevent the spread of coronavirus, it is also important to recognise there is no escape from the laws of economics of the adverse impact of a lockdown. Infantile claims such as ~20 lakh crores for 2020 or that the coronavirus chain of infection will be broken in 21 days are not worth discussing seriously, in this grave fight against the coronavirus and its calamitous impact.

Supporting the unemployed

India was in the middle of an economic slowdown before the pandemic. With the coronavirus, and the national lockdown imposed to curb its spread, the slowdown has potentially turned into a recession. The government’s announcement of ₹20 lakh crore package is an acknowledgment of the crisis at hand.

One key way in which this crisis is getting reflected is in the unemployment figures. Even before the pandemic, India was staring at relatively high unemployment — an official report indicated a 6% unemployment rate in 2017-18, the highest in 45 years. Over 12 million people enter the workforce every year, and India has struggled to create new jobs. This trend has now got accelerated. According to the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE), the unemployment rate was 24% in the week ending May 17. Its April data shows that it was predominantly small traders and labourers, followed by entrepreneurs, and then salaried employees who lost their jobs. This is not surprising. If factories and shops are closed, if daily wage labourers and street vendors can’t work, if companies begin losing revenues drastically, there will be job losses. The problem is that the easing of the lockdown will not immediately restore these jobs.

That is why a key component of any relief package has to take into account this rising unemployment. By pumping in an additional ₹40,000 crore into the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), the government is hoping to create a financial buffer for those who have returned home to their villages. And by unveiling structural reforms, it hopes to get the economy kickstarted. But this will not solve the immediate crisis — where people, in the absence of jobs, don’t have incomes, which, in turn, makes basic livelihood difficult. The poor will get most severely affected, but so will large sections of the middle class who are staring at salary cuts or job losses, which will reduce their purchasing power and ability to take and pay loans sharply. This, in turn, will have an impact across a range of sectors. Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman has said that she is open to suggestions and, as the year progresses, there will be more measures. India will have to look more carefully at both the United States, which is offering a generous unemployment allowance, and the United Kingdom, which has offered wage support to workers. There will be issues of resources, and identifying and targeting beneficiaries. But India may, sooner than later, need to introduce an unemployment allowance to help citizens overcome this crisis.

***The girl with poison***written by Sir Rikomht . always react and shine .. always stand in own power

"According to the outmost situation an appearance it is said that this is very much dangerous and not in the girl child. Please do not accept such kind of child.

The incident was happened four hundred year ago, the old king tathagat was killed by the enemy and in the emperor of Magadh the king Chandak was ruling the entire dynasty.

In the regions of North India there was 4 dynasty, the Kashi, Keshav,Lichhabi,and Mogadh.

The relationship between the four dynasty was very crucial and full of enmity. The king of shishunag dynasty Maharaj Chandak was doing the rull in his dynasty.

Chandak was with great figure and lot of power in his shoulder. He looked like a big buffalo.

One servant of hij Raj Mahal gave birth 2a girl child, it it was created by his father Chandak and mother Monika.

The Astrologer Dedh preparation Tu to provide the astrology of the newborn baby. After listening the future of the child Maharaja was very much surprised and became very angry.

It was forbidden Tu you do such sound in front of Maharaja Chandak and it was very difficult astrologer of Rajmahal 2 to give the information that the child was viskanya.

Gastrologist of the Raj Mahal very my silence for sometime. The laughter man Batuk bhatta why sitting behind the Raj Mantri.

He provided the strength to astrologer 2 talk about the vishkanya.

Batuk bhatta was very much short height, he asked to king Chandak for the future of the new born baby.

The king became very much angry with red eye  he announced to all hij advisor and the intelligent spiritual people present in the Rajmahal.

All the people present in the rajmohalla was provide the sympathy to go to the laughter of Rajmahal.

Maharaj Chandak asked to all of his supportive stuff what to do?"

One of them provided advisory to give such punishment like Mantri Shivam Mishra.

"So in that moment what is the work Shivam Mishra?"have you any information about him?"

One of the the spiritual leader in front of king said that" I know his status."

'"Shivam Mishra is under the ground and his head is out of the ground.

A lot of foxes  gathering in front of his head and continue to attack."

Spiritual leader said.

"He is continue to look, I think that he want to observe all the direction of the shamshan Bhumi, I was approach toward him because to serve Brahmin.

But I think ok Shiva Mishra have no intention to take food."

Said the pandit.

"The king Chandak laugh with loud and said Shivam Mishra did not follow my advice and he continue to provide the bad information about me to all the people."said the king.

The king allowed to all the people to remember him and his cruelty if anyone did any wrong with him.

The meeting hall Rajmahal became very silent and quiet. No one have any courage to speak any single word. The king told to The Astrologer of the meeting hall,"the new born baby will be destroyed and his mother also".

The astrologer urge to the king that please do not give the so much cruelty punishment toward the mother of newborn baby Monica.

And there is another way to destroy the new born baby it may be flown in the river of Ganga.

The dynasty of Patliputra was covered by 64 huge doors. The maximum door for spy and attack for the enemy. There was one path in front of Rajmahal.

The king and another member of Rajmahal I could go outside from this path.

After a few kilometre distance there was some Sun Bhoomi. It was seen from the outside that women is continuously approaching toward the shamshan Bhumi.

Gradually her appearance clear and more moderate. Women with one hand iron rod and in the another hand a left white substances. The white cloth which was raped.

In the the very Light of Moon it was not clear.

She is continue to work with very hard and penic mind, she was very much weak and feeble. After reaching the shamshan Bhumi she did not control herself, she fall down.

A very thin sound emerge from her throat. And with that voice a very little voice of baby cry has been emerged.

After a few minutes stand up again and continue to walk.

After reaching she found that there was a iron rod which was dip into the Soil and a human head is continue to observe.

The women wanted to go aside. But c cannot walk.

She continue to look all the direction and said who are you?

After a few time she dig a small hole in the sand, then she was continue to fulfilled the the whole by the sand. Now there was a small boys requesting to please save me who you are?

The lady continue to cover the cloth by the sand,but the women can't do this.

After hearing the voice of man the Omen continue to go in front of the person.She stopped.

The woman find that there was human and some foxes continue to moving around him. The head without body continue to tell that whatever you are ghost and pret please save my life.

"Who are you?" The question is arises from the woman.

The person rjs to him that he is not any ghost he is just a human. He is is the Mantri Shivam Mishra.

'My body is completely dipped into the soil please save my life.'

Monica continue to observe him.

She recognise that it is Mantri Shivam Mishra.

Monica continue to dig the soil with complete force and within some minute Shivam Mishra just take out from the soil.

Mantri Shivam Mishra asked to the lady,"why you are coming here?"

Monika Said,"I am a servant of king Chandak, today I gave birth of a a girl child. The Astrologer of the King Chandak said that the girl child is Viskanya."

Shivam Mishra take the child in his hand and continue to observe.

He continued to go to the oven  nearby area.

After observing a lot of time Shivam is said that it is really a 20 karna please give me the child and go to Rajmahal.

No one will be informed that vishkanya is still alive.

Now I will go to to another dynasty with her.

Monica did not reply. Just bent down and observe his mouth. He stand up and look toward the Rajmahal with ferocious mind and Eyes.

In that time there was a Ulka which just breakdown in the top floor of Rajmahal.

Shivam Mishra starts to smile and named her child as Ulka.

After 12 year,once upon a time the people of Patliputra suddenly attacked to the king Chandak and his hand and leg were cut and being bounded by iron chain.

The people of Patliputra Wanted 2 kill the old King Chandak gradually by providing him lot of pain.

In the another array the distance relationship of Maharajan Chandak Sanjeet was elected as new king of Patliputra.

Sanjeet has no intention to become king his only intention to do enjoyment every time, that is why he had no enemy.

The only one enemy e in his life was women. Before king he continued his life by catching forest animal and by drinking alcohol.

Sanjeet was very simple without proudness without cruelty.

After taking the the chair of king Sanjit announced that he only e provided the good knowledge and supportive action toward the neighbourhood country.

He provide announcement to all that he will not be able to take the future of the emperor.

The Tu mahamantri taking the charge of dynasty, the great king Sanjeet continue to go forest and catch animal, continue to drinking alcohol and continue to doing spiritual activity.

the emperor was very much quiet and silent with complete peace and horrific experience in the field of king emperors.

In the neighborhood there was no Kings it was completely democratic country. The Mantri was Shivam Mishra and he provide all the lessons how to to win a war and 2 to give the maximize.

In the dynasty of Vaishali Shivam Mishra was elected as president by the people of the dynasty.

The popularity of Shiva Mishra is continually growing and there was also growing a girl child in the house of Shivam Mishra.

The girl child was the child of Maharaj Chandak and Monica.

The girl child named  Ulka was full of energy and lot of beauty. Ulka was very much energetic and full of cruelty like his father.

After that a few time also has been passed.

The very much talented and highly energetic Ulka took all the lesson from Shivam Mishra like ok how to through a weapon.

When Ulka became in the age of 16 year Shivam Mishra told him everything in his life.

Siva Mr describe everything that what was his actual identity and how he was recovered.

"To take the revenge against the king Chandak I continue to take care of yours."now it is time to take revenge, today the Chandak is not exist but the dynasty of Chandak is continuing, you have to go there and you have to completely destroy the king and his future generation."

Said Shivam Mishra.

Ulka asked what to do?

Shivam Mishra said listen carefully.

I already told you that you are a vishkanya.

'You have a very attractive figure attractive beautiful look, the man must be attracted to you like insects are attracted to burning fire.

It is sure that the husband of your must be dead."

Now there is very much good relationship between Magadh and Vaishali, in that position it will be very bad to announce the the battle. The king Sanjeet is  young. It is heard that he has no intention to do battle and to improve the dynasty.

First of all you have to kill the king by attracting him.,"

Can you do it?

Said Shivam Mishra.

Ulka just smile and ine her smile it was clear that she will take revenge.

Shivam Mishra start to speak once again,"there was no high Commissioner of Vaishali in the dynasty of Magadh.

What is rule that it must be high commissioner of Vaishali.

You will go go to Magadh as the Commissioner of Vaishali and continue to trap Sanjeet."

But I am women.

Is there any forbidden to go go in the dynasty?

Seema Mishra said there is no division of men and women in the dynasty of Magadha.

Unka continue to approach Shivam Mishra and promised him that she will must destroy the dynasty of Magadha.

In the boundary of Patliputra there was a deep forest. Through this forest is going toward Patliputra alone.

She advised to every followers and friends of Har to going through the Rajpath.

Device some forbidden from the gents person but Ulka did not understand they are request.

"I can do my best I can do to self resistance and self protection."Ulka said.

She also mentioned,"all of you must wait for me after reaching in front of the main gate before enter Patliputra."

"I want to to think something for sometime for alone."

When ulka reached the second gate of Patliputra. Her friends and soldiers while waiting there, Ulka surprisingly observe all the direction of Patliputra.

After sometime Ulka entered into the dynasty of Patliputra.

After a few minute Ulka stand again in front of a big stone, suddenly from nearby very ferocious and horrific voice is coming from the stone.

"Give me the water, please give me the water,"

After listening the request from nearby area Ulka continue to go that place.

She found that a big iron chain from the wall has been hanged, in the end of the Hanging chain there was a a man looking like animal. The man has no hand and no leg, lot of dance and dirty hair covered his mouth. The iron chain was very much hot and untouchable by the heavy sun ray.

The man hanging from the chain continue to look toward the water and said," give me water .give me water."

Ulka continue to look toward him, she has no mercy, no intensity to help. She imagine the people of Magadha is very much cruel and not any humidity.

The person hanging from the iron chain soar like animal,"please give me. Ulka requested to another word for giving water to him.

After sometime Ulka asked,"who is given you're such punishment? What is your name?"

The man replied,"you do not know?"

There is no person in Patliputra who you do not know me.

I am the lord Maharaj Chandak."

I am the king of Magadh. Do you understand? I am the real king of Magadha. I am Chandak. I am Chandak."

Ulka became very much surprised. Her body is continue to shaken, his breath is became very frequent.

Somehow full control herself and told to friend,"all of you kindly go to the shade of tree and wait for me."

After a few time Ulka turn down from the horse and gradually approach to the king Chandak.

After frequent observe Ulka said,"are you to the previous king Chandak?"

Chandak replied,"I am not previous I am recently E and king Magadh, whenever I will alive there is only king of Magadha named Chandak."

Ulka said,"then the people of Magadha did not kill you? Have you remember the name of Monika? Have you remember the Viskanya?

Chandak had no remembrance about Monica because there was a lot of servants. But Chandok reminded the name of Viskanya.

Chandok replied,"I remember that but I already give the punishment both Shivam Mishra and the child Viskanya. I dipped them into the soil at shamshan Bhumi. The Wild foxes had eaten them."

Monica replied,"that child did not Die, Shivam Mishra was also not die."

Do you not understand and recognise your own child the mejesty? Said Ulka.

The king became spellbound and surprisingly look toward Ulka.

Ulka said,"do you know the evergreen law of shishunag family?"the person who contain the blood of this family only she can murder the king."that is why I am coming here to follow the law and kill you"

Wait a few time Ulka just enter her sharp knife into the throat of king Chandak. Chandak I had no time to speak. The heavy and huge body of Chandak continue to second in the pain of Die. I want to talk something but in spite of talking his throat continue to emerges blood.

After sometime the body become quiet and silent.

Gradually Ulka rides on the horses, she did not look back, After 16 years a revenge has been happened silently.

In this way the poisonous lady of Magadh gradually entered into Magadh by washing the hand in the blood of his father.

In the very comfortable and luxurious room Maharaj  Sanjeet is doing enjoyment by playing game with the people present in Rajya Sabha.

The king Sanjeet did not marry it can be said that he has no intention to marry he always hate women.

After sometime the king Sanjeet stand up and asked question to Batuk,"what is the time of the festival of colour?"

Batuk replied that it is very much interested and laughable that it the king Sanjeet have no interest on girls and women and have a a great hatred toward the marriage and love.

Batuk just want to know why King Sanjeet have eager to know about it.

The king Sanjeet just smiled, the smiling face of Sanjit really very much amicable and attractive.

He replied that I want to know no because at that time the women and girls became very much dangerous.

Suddenly a huge volume of sound was emerged from the outside of Rajmahal, it was look like that some special person came to the dynasty.

Maharaj King Sanjeet was became spellbound and talk to own self ,"who is present at the time of relaxation and sleeping?

King Sanjeet ordered Tu the laughter Batuk to go to watch who is present at the time?

After sometime Botuk return from the outside. He looked very much surprised and his breath rate was very deep and turbulent.

King Sanjeet said to Batuk,"why you are so much breath full?"

"The respected king it is very much surprised and spellbound incident happen, I found a woman dressed with various weapons and continue to approach toward Rajmahal."

"This is not a simple woman, it may be very beautiful woman."

Said Batuk.

"Women", replied very surprisingly with round eyes. "How it can be possible"replied King Sanjeet."

In this time the guard of main Gate entered into the Raj Mahal and inform to king that there was a woman who want to meet King Sanjeet for some special work. The woman is coming from nearby country Vaishali.