Some new invention in Physics

In 2006 Nobel Prize was awarded for invention of topological phase transitions in Metro that was different but now is sil discussed about a different topic that can impression a good effect on physics research in different directions to up rising star....



This is an efficient question that what is different state of matter?

The simple school book Ansar is solid liquid and gases but we know that this simple division is far too crude.


There is also a lot of magnets and superfluids.


Most real materials are in fact much more Complex than homogeneous crystal liquid or gases.. plasma liquid crystal polymer and gels all but a few examples.


In spite of this enormous variety there were many important phenomena that can be understood in the simple contest of crystalline material with impurities and lattice defect.


The theory of electronic band explain why material of conductors isolated and semiconductors and how they conduct heat and respond to magnetic field.


The discovery of quantum hall effect and the subsequent development of the topological band theory,
Has open a new and inspected vistas wire deep  theoretical insights have developed in parallel with search for application in electronics and Quantum information science.

Perhaps the most spectacular research and its result so far have been the predictive and letter experimental discoveries of the political insulator in both two and three dimensions.


This is States of matter are just like the Haldane chain,
Example of symmetry protected topological phases of the topological superconductors.


Another example that has recently gained a lot of attention in Kitaev chain, example of symmetry in protected topological phases of the topological superconductor.




The observation has generated lot of excitement because of the possibility of topological quantum computation.


A more recent but equally fascinating set of material order semi metal which are experimentally discovered as recently as 2015...


There is no to political classification of Dept heads of 3 harmony all in any dimension and many effect on being made to classify interacting phases.


Important tools in this effort to enumerate the classified page of metal that or different measures of quantum entanglement charges and entanglement entropy and entanglement spectra.



The long range and Tangled state are characterized by having fractionally charged particle in the language stick Quantum hall liquid.


The Hunt for a spin liquid in both two and three dimensions is very much at forefront of current research as is the attempt to realise state where the quality part Eagles have non abelian fractional statistics...


Quantum simulation and artificial e state of matter.


In our discussion of kth transition who defined the enforceability.

Meaning of that is the same model hamiltonian describe critically phenomenon in very different physical system this different systems is always very small critical religion in the vicinity of transition temperature.

There is however another Easter disease that allow the use of same hamiltonian for different system in wider parameter range.


The basic idea ghosh back to thin man who pointed out that one good hope to solve very hard Quantum problems by designing quantum  simulator.



Search simulator is itself a Quantum systems with many degree of freedom but it should be well controlled and designed to hm Boudi the important aspect of the physical system one is attempting to the simulate more precisely this means having to correct degree of freedom and to correct the Internet service gold atom gases have turned out to provide a perfect platforms for obtaining this.


As example of this the observation of KT transition in the layout Bose Einstein condensate of the atoms.

At low temperature on object covariance effect characteristic of the page with power low correlation and at Higher temperature 1 sees free victories.


We have already mentioned that Katy Perry also described the quantum phase transition in our own dimensional XY University classes.


Hindi Surveys Akriti transition for me the basic of understanding how a one-dimensional chain of just fontanelle junction undergoes a Chiru temperature transition from superconducting to insulating behaviour at their house phone coupling between junction is tuned.



Both Sir Munich and woe Sonic items can be trapped in optical lattice similarly to electron in a crystal lattice...

Both fermionic and masonic items can be trapped in optical lattices similarly to electron in a crystal lattice.


This also makes it possible to engineer topologically controversial band and we mention two recent example.


In 2014, the Group led by Tillman Esslinger made an experiment with cold k40 atoms in an optical lattice to simulate the plus size model proposed by the helden in 1988.


This shows that reality sometimes surfaces dreams.


At the end of this paper held in road while the particle model presented here is unlikely to be directly physical realisation it indicates.


What he could not imagine watch that 25 year later new experiment technique was made it possible to create an artificial state of method that would need to provide that are likely realisation.....